Environmental Assessment Of The Alberta Tar Sands

What is environmental stewardship, and why is it so important? Well, environmental stewardship is being responsible, with the way we treat the environment. It is important, because if we destroy our environment, we end up destroying that which provides for us, and ultimately our means of survival. We are going to talk about the Alberta tar sands development, and about how they are not effectively protecting their environment. This has already led to negative effects in the surrounding areas. These effects will only continue to worsen, if nothing is done to slow down, or further prevent them from happening. The Alberta tar sands, is currently the largest construction project taking place in the world, and as such is a very important†¦show more content†¦It brought with it deforestation, and large amounts of pollution, which have had a large impact on their small community. This has led to the water supply becoming tainted with arsenic, and other toxic chemicals, which has mutated the fish. It has also led to an increased number of cancer, and brain tumor patients in the town of Fort Chipewyan, due to their exposure to these toxins. The Alberta government claims that the tar sands development leaves the Athabasca Lake unaffected, but I don t believe that for a minute. They say that any contamination found in the river comes from natural bitumen seeps. It is very obvious from the number of cancer patients in Fort Chipewyan, and the deformed fish from the lake that the tar sands is the cause. I believe that the tailings ponds used by the tar sands are not properly lined, and that is leading to their toxic contents contaminating the river. The Dene land was taken by the government for the development of the tar sands, without their consent. As such, the law states that the Dene have the right to hunt, and fish, on that land. The main reason that they hunt, and fish is for subsistence, as it is a traditional part of their way of life. Sadly, it will be no point in hunting, and fishing because the prey will be far too dangerous to eat, due to its exposure to toxic chemicals from the tar sands. There was a pressShow MoreRelatedOil Sands Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesCanada has always had extensive deposits of oil sands, and has been a fascination to the explorers and settlers of earliest Canada, when Europeans saw how First Nations people used it to water proof their birch bark canoes. That being said, the majority of oil sands in Canada are contained in Alberta. Alberta’s oil reserves play an important role in the Canadian and global economy, supplying stable, reliable energy to the world. Alberta s oil sands have been described by Time Magazine as CanadaRead MoreHow Social Vulnerabilities Are Important Within Disaster Research2333 Words   |  10 Pagesmost well known environmental disasters that continue to develop is the Alberta tar sands. The Alberta tar sands also known as â€Å" Athabasca oil sands† have been expanding over the past decade being the third largest oil reserve in the world (â€Å"Energy Alberta†, n.d). It has been said that the tar sands are a fundamental element within the Canadian economy occupying approximately 142, 200 square kilometers in northern Alberta. (â€Å"Energy Alberta†, n.d). Considering that the tar sands are under constantRead MoreThe Pipeline Is A Proposed Crude Oil Pipeline1012 Words   |  5 PagesKeystone pipeline is a proposed crude oil pipeline that would be built from Hardisty, Alberta all way through Steele, Nebraska. It would stretch for 1,179 miles and it would transport up to 830,000 barrels of oil per day. The project was proposed by Trans-Canada to the United States government in 2005 and since then, it has been a controversial subject between the two neighbouring countries. The company argues that the pipeline would support more than 42,000 direct and indirect jobs while reducingRead MoreA New Proposal For The New Pipeline1529 Words   |  7 Pagesnew proposal arises for a pipeline that would originate from Alberta in northern Canada to oil refineries in close proxi mity to the Gulf region of the U.S. Specifically, the refineries in Texas and Oklahoma. The proposal for the new pipeline would come to be called the Keystone XL. Since its introduction in Congress in 2008, the pipeline has been a source of controversy and public opposition for Congress, due to fears over the environmental impacts from such a pipeline and critics who question the needRead MoreLaying Pipe : It Is An Interesting Place That We Find Ourselves?1839 Words   |  8 Pagespetroleum products from their sources in Canada, Montana, and North Dakota to refineries primarily located along the Gulf Coast of the United States. These unrefined petroleum products include heavy crude produced from controversial tar sands deposits located in Alberta, Canada (Parfomak, Pirog, Luther, and Vann 1). The project was originally conceived by TransCanada, a Canadian energy company. This much information is routinely discussed by most television news stories that I have seen on the subjectRead MoreIncrease in Hazardous Material Spills1366 Words   |  5 Pagesinadequate monitoring of operations. Many of the incidents involving hazardous material spills surround human error due to failure of risk compliance. An incident involving Gibson Energy and Devon Canada found that the companies both violated environmental laws, including the Fisheries Act due to the two oil spills that resulted in 2010. The oil spill from Gibson Energy occurred because the company failed to discontinue using a pipeline that had internal corrosion, which caused hundreds of litresRead MorePolychlorinated Biphenyls Essay1145 Words   |  5 Pagesof my own recommendations completely. On July 25, 2010 Enbridge Energys Alberta tar sands pipeline burst close Marshall, Michigan, spilling an expected 800,000 gallons of poisonous substantial unrefined petroleum into the Kalamazoo River. Enbridges Kalamazoo fiasco was North Americas most exceedingly bad and most costly inland oil spill catastrophe. The Enbridge pipeline that cracked in Michigan conveyed grimy tar sands oil from Ontario. That pipeline crossed northern Minnesota, and both the MississippiRead MoreThe Incident Of Assessment Of The United States Of America2112 Words   |  9 PagesThe incident in assessment is the March 29th 2013 Mayflower Oil spill that occurred in Mayflower, Arkanas, United States of America. The pipeline, named the Pegasus line, belonged to operator, ExxonMobil, transporting Canadian Wabasca heavy crude from Athabasca Oil sands when the pipeline failed (McGowan 2013). The Pegasus line a 20 inch line with a total length of 850 mines and carried approximately 95,000 barrels per day from Pa toka, IL to Nederland, TX (ADEQ, 2013). The pipeline was designed withRead More The Keystone XL Pipeline and Public Response Essay2965 Words   |  12 Pages On the 9th of February 2004 TransCanada Corporation, an energy company based in Alberta, Canada proposed a plan for the installation and use of a pipeline that would stretch from Alberta, Canada to oil refineries in the Gulf Coast of Texas in the United States. The pipeline, titled the Keystone Pipeline, would be installed in four separate phases and once completed would transport up to 1.1 million barrels of synthetic crude oil per day. Phases two through four of the pipeline encompassRead MoreFracking Transportation And Modeling : A Literature Review3710 Words   |  15 Pagestransportation modeling 16 Frac sand and its transportation 18 3.1.2 Outbound movements 19 Waste water disposal 19 Drill cuttings 20 Production: oil, natural gas liquids (NGL) and natural gas 21 Natural gas 21 Oil and Natural gas liquids 22 3.1.3 Population growth impact 23 4.0 Supply Chains in the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale Case Study Area 24 4.1 Overview of the TMS play 24 4.2 Challenges and opportunities 25 4.3 Transportation issues 27 4.3.1 Transportation of frac sand 28 4.3.2 Transportation of water

Musical Theatre †Fiction Assignment Free Essays

Andrea drives a car through busy New York traffic (‘A Good Start of the Day’) and receives a phone call from Miranda who orders her to get her car from auto care, her dog from a vet, and bring them to Miranda’s house. When Andrea comes to report to Miranda that everything has been done, her boss tells her that she was supposed to bring the car and the god to the office instead of Miranda’s house. She tells her assistant that everything should be by the door of her office in 15 minutes (‘15 Minutes’). We will write a custom essay sample on Musical Theatre – Fiction Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The atmosphere in the headquarters of ‘Runway’ is tense and almost hysterical (‘The World of Fashion’). When Andrea fulfills these directions, they leave for a preliminary show of the latest collection of a prominent designer (‘Behind the Scenes’). Andrea proves to be more qualified than Emily, and Miranda decides to take Andrea on an important business trip to Paris — the fact that deeply offends and disappoints Emily (‘Paris, Je T’aime Moi Non Plus’). When Andrea comes home that night, she realizes that she forgot about her boyfriend’s birthday (‘This Not-so-special Day’), and their relationship teeters at the lip of abyss. Act 2 Miranda and Emily arrive to Paris; they attend top-notch fashion shows and receptions (‘Eurostar’). Andrea occasionally meets Christian whom she knows from New York, and the romantic atmosphere of Paris makes her spend a night with him. However, in the morning she realizes that she made a mistake and finds herself missing Nate (‘Charms Are Frail’). On board of the plane that carries her back to New York, Andrea reconsiders her lifestyle and values (‘Home Again’). She is unhappy to return to her busy workplace (‘The World of Fashion: Reprise’). She decides to quit her job and strike a better balance between her professional and private life. Before leaving, she presents all the designer clothes to Emily (‘These Little Pieces of Fabric’) and in this way denounces the importance of looks and fashion. The musical ends with a scene of Andrea reunion with Nate (‘Being True to Yourself’). Character List Andrea Sachs: She is a young graduate from Midwest who has just moved to New York to look for a job at a magazine or newspaper. At the beginning, she is confident of her abilities, yet she is easily confused by vibrant New York life and tough approach of her new boss. Miranda Priestley: She is a powerful and authoritarian editor of the ‘Runway’ magazine. She has connections both in the press world and in the world of fashion; however, she often demonstrates her power by maltreating her subordinates. Emily: She used to be the first assistant to Miranda before the arrival of Andrea who proved to be more competent and was promoted to Emily’s position. Nigel: He is the art director of ‘Runway’ who often advices Andrea on how to dress with taste and deal with Miranda’s whims. Nate: He is Andrea’s boyfriend who suffers from lack of attention and condemns her girlfriend paying too much attention to her job and her looks. Christian: He is a magazine writer who fancies Andrea and eventually seduces her into a romantic adventure in Paris. Chorus: Chorus, together with Nigel, performs ‘The World of Fashion’ song and serves the purpose of conveying the atmosphere of fashion industry characterized by (quoting ‘Sunset Boulevard’ musical) ‘whispered conversations in overcrowded hallways.’ Song List Act 1 A Good Start of the Day (upbeat) 15 Minutes (upbeat) The World of Fashion (dance) Behind the Scenes (upbeat) Paris, Je T’aime Moi Non Plus (ballad) This Not-so-special Day (ballad) Act 2 Eurostar (upbeat) Charms Are Frail (ballad) Home Again (ballad) The World of Fashion: Reprise (dance) These Little Pieces of Fabric (upbeat) Being True to Yourself (ballad) Spectacle There are three different set: headquarters of the ‘Runway’ magazine, Andrea and Nate’s apartment, and Paris. The first set features the use of bright lights, crowd, hallstands, and various posters from fashion shows. The second set should convey the calm and comfortable atmosphere of New York middle-class couple. The third set features some of the landmarks of Paris (e.g. Eiffel Tower) and creates the atmosphere of excess, lush, and festivity. Almost all costumes used in the musical should be expensive and fashionable designer clothes; the only character that wears casual clothes in Nate. No special effects are used, but the song ‘The World of Fashion’ is accompanied by a ballet. The theme of the musical is the balance between professional and public life and hard choices people have to make. It also deals with the ability to stay honest and kindhearted under the pressure from inhibiting circumstances. How to cite Musical Theatre – Fiction Assignment, Essay examples

Employing Information System in GEC

Question: Discuss about the Employing Information System in GEC. Answer: Introduction Information Technology plays a significant role in small business technology, but its lack of implementation is due to the course not being offered in businesses. GEC, a student recruitment organization, is only being operated in South China, and later it partnered up with Peter with his assistant Vicky who handled all the operations and management of staff. For an organization to survive, it has to expand. But with a lack of administrative knowledge on operating in a foreign land and remote communication, the business took a halt. Its traditional system of keeping files and searching documents manually was a hectic and time-consuming task, which made the process slower and cumbersome. And not to mention, if the business expanded it would lose any competing advantage over other similar business in foreign lands and main country.he requirement and implementation of Information System are therefore discussed in this study to solve the current issues. This case takes the points of GEC and finds reference of different journal articles, explains it and justifies the relevance of the articles in respective contexts. Topics discussed include definition and requirements of the information system and its various types, the ways information system can solve the issues at GEC and utilization of internet, intranet, and extranet. Also discussed are the concepts of Change Management Organization Change, and security and ethical issues that can arise. Justification Information System The article explains the requirements of Information system for supporting business analytics and intelligence, which can help managers collect and analyze data from different sources, providing an in-depth look at the possible opportunities. For an organizations' innovation, the ways managers can use IS to build different perspectives for managerial styles. The three characteristics innovativeness, autonomy, and risk taking, required in an entrepreneurial organization are examined. An innovative Information system is positively proportional to the volume of ideas and its diversity rather than diversity and quantity of ideas. This article has been selected because it talks about the necessity and importance of IS for a business to survive in the modern climate. For a firm to compete with similar organizations it has to collect data from various sources to reinforce its growth (Roberts, Campbell and Vijayasarathy 2016, pp. 55-69). GEC can learn the utilization of IS and its implementation by following these techniques. CRM, EPM, BI, SCM are some of the different information systems types have been discussed here. Information Requirements of GEC This article discusses many issues and addresses on the following topics - the needs of tactical information and its different types of managerial information systems, assimilation or ingestion of the tactical administrative level for decision-making for strategic management and possible attempts for automating the outgoing and incoming information. Also discussed is the striving for working in an environment of real-time information flow, they way it can influence tactical management in bringing benefits to the organization along with potential tactical management which will be supported by tomorrows information systems. This article has been selected because it explains the need of IS for tactical management and providing opinions on the things that can be and should be done in different ways so that the tactical management business profile is aligned with the managerial information needs (Petrevska, Poels and Manceski 2015, pp. 148- 156). Solving GEC problems by Information System Practitioners and academicians widely accept the integration of information system in small or medium firms these days. GEC being a small business educational company, which deals with lots of databases, documents, collecting and collating, requires implementation of IS to simplify its backend process. Modern system information systems improve the performance of medium and small-sized enterprises. This article defines in detail Information System's functional capabilities like innovation, monitoring, and management of workforce, which affects the relationship between organizational performance and customer value (Ainin et al. 2015, pp. 5-14). This study is based on a survey questionnaire conducted with 104 medium and small-sized enterprises in Malaysias service industry. The findings of the study recommend that functional capabilities of IS do influence the organization value and customer value. Internet, Intranet Extranet This article explains about the increased competition of the various small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and their situation and control over development growth due to the widespread market penetration of the Internet. This journal article focuses on the factors which influence the internationalization of SMEs. This article has been used because it evaluates and investigates the working environment and, then evaluates the level of internet usage that develops SMEs to position itself competitively in the marketplace. The finding of this study concludes that international market expansion can be generated by the usage of IT and its future growth for firms (Akhtar, Azeem and Mir 2014, pp.22-27). GEC also can position itself internationally and leverage the benefits offered by the Internet, intranet, and extranet. Change Management Organizational Change This article talks about the ever-changing role of the Internet in creating several new frameworks for business initiatives. The evolution of the Internet of being a force from earlier being a useful tool is used for creating long-term decision making for managers to influencing business strategies. The Internet's ever-increasing importance with its growth required the evaluation of precise data in the area of local ICT development and its state for creating new and meaningful change management and business initiatives. This article has been selected because it analyzed the latest business initiatives and related with the success they found in the market due to the Internet's ever evolving features (Sofronijevic, Milicevic and Markovic 2015, pp.38-44). This study presents the evaluation of such importance, which would require change management and can be an important factor for business initiatives made shortly. Security and Ethical Issues This article explains the increasing breaches in safety and disclosure of financial and personal information of both individuals and business. The article also goes in-depth explaining the invasion of privacy with the increased usage of mobile applications, social media, and other web based software systems, concerns regarding integrity and safety of information is calling for attention on a global basis from individuals, business, and governments. This article has been used because it makes a survey research on salespersons, and explores the relationship between concerns about utilization of technology and internet privacy in a business organization; to understand attitudes regarding use of technology to aid education, service, sales support and communications (Totterdale 2015, pp.157-160). Also explains the relationships between intention to use technology, age, frequency of usage, and internet privacy concerns. Reference List Ainin, S, Akma Mohd Salleh, N, Bahri, S Mohd Faziharudean, T2015, InformationSystemsManagement,vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 2-14. Akhtar,N, Azeem, Syed M Mir, M 2014,InternationalJournalofBusinessManagementEconomic Research,vol. 5,no.2, pp. 20-27. Petrevska Nechkoska, R, Poels, G Manceski, G2015, Electronic Journal ofInformationSystemsEvaluation, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 146-158. Roberts, N, Campbell, DE Vijayasarathy, LR2016, Journal of ManagementInformationSystems,vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 45-69. SofronijeviĆ¡, A, MiliĆ¡eviĆ¡, V MarkoviĆ¡, A 2015, Management(1820-0222), no. 74, pp. 37-46. Totterdale, RL 2015, Issues in Information Systems, vol. 16, no. 4, pp.157-165.

Princess Diana Life

Her Childhood and Family The late Princess Diana has a unique and humble, yet shocking biography; she led a fascinating life right from her birth to her death. The full names of Princess Di, Princess Diana, Lady Diana or The princess of Wales as was famously called were Diana Frances Spencer. The late princess Diana was born around 7 in the morning, on 1/7/1961 in Sandringham, Norfolk, England. She was baptized at St Mary Magdalene church in Sandringham, Norfolk[1]. The baptism was presided over by the Rt. Rev. Percy Herbert[2].Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Princess Diana’s Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Her family was a humble one. The father of the late Princess Diana was called Earl Spencer. The mother was known as Mrs. Shand Kydd. Her parents, former lord and lady have since died. Right from her beginning, Princess Diana’s family was privileged to be very close to the royal fa mily. Earl Spenser was an officer in the Royal Scots Greys, attending to the sovereign King George VI and later Queen Elizabeth II[3]. Her parents’ wedding was the year’s social event in 1954. The chief guest for this wedding at Westminster Abbey was Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles’s mother[4] . Princess Diana’s father inherited the title, Earl Spencer, consequently making her Lady Diana Spencer in 1975. She was a shy girl in her growing up. Her hobbies included fashion, dancing, helping children, shopping and listening to music. The late Diana was the third born in a family of four. That is, a younger brother and two sisters who were older than her. Her eldest sister was Jane and the other, Sarah. Their brother was called Charles. The princess grew up in the estate of the Queen, in Sandringham and later in Northamptonshire. Diana studied at Riddles worth Hall and West Heath School. Here, Lady Diana was good in sporting activities, especially swimming, but failed in her academics[5]. She completed her studies in Switzerland. Her first job was at a central London kindergarten immediately after completion of her education[6]. Before she worked as a kindergarten teacher, Diana volunteered as a nanny and a cook in London[7] . Her problems commenced right after birth. Her parents were not happy when she was not born a boy as per their wishes. Then, at the tender age of 6, in 1969, Princess Diana’s parents divorced, marking the beginning of her misery. The issue affected the princess emotionally and only her strong character made her pull through the hardships. The misery intensified with the parents’ disputes over the children’s custody. After a long struggle in the law courts, all the four children were finally left under their father’s custody. She got so stressed that she made several suicidal attempts. Throughout her life, Princess Diana faced much criticism from her parents, her husband and the press[8 ]. The burden was made lighter when she was sent to a boarding institution, West Heath Public School in Kent. Here, she concentrated more on her studies than on her family, though she eventually failed in her final examination[9].Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Her Engagement and Wedding The humble Diana was to later be the talk of the century after she walked down the aisle with her prince in a colorful wedding. Princess Diana and Prince Charles started dating and later got engaged in 1980 and 1981 respectively. At that time, the whole world was awed by their blooming romance. In the first weekend of February 1980, the princess spent at Sandringham, with the royal family only. This was an exciting experience for the late Diana. In July 1980, a friend of Diana known as Philip invited her together with Prince Charles and several other guests to a barbecue in Petworth where his family lived. During the event, Prince Charles and Princess Diana sat next to each other and they chat about general life issues. After that, the prince called the princess for several dates. For instance, they went for fishing together on River Dee. This is where their love started and the rest is history[10]. On 6th February 1981, Prince Charles asked Diana whether she would marry him, at an outing at Windsor castle. The excited Diana accepted the proposal. The two made a public appearance as a couple on 9th March 1981 during a charity event in London. Consequently, Princess Diana lost her private life to the media who were always abreast with what the couple was doing[11]. Initially, everyone doubted the couple’s compatibility as the two did not have a lot in common. Their hobbies were diverse and their age gap was a big one. Prince Charles loved gardening and was reserved. On the other hand, the princess loved dancing, music and charity work. Moreover, the princess was 13 years younger than Princess Charles[12].Bottom of Form On 29/7/1981, the world joined the couple in celebrating their beautiful wedding. Only three thousand, five hundred people were allowed to attend the wedding while about seven hundred and fifty million followed the proceedings on television. The wedding took place at St Paul’s cathedral, London[13]. A renowned singer, Kiri, performed Handel’s song, Let the bright seraphim during the wedding[14]. Their wedding was the wedding of the decade and everyone wished them well. Her Marriage The entire world expected that the marriage of the prince and her princess would be a fairy tale; one that everyone would admire. Their marriage steps were thus followed keenly by the media. However, contrary to people’s expectations, the marriage was not a perfect one. Princess Diana was Prince Charles’ first wife. She earned herself the title, â€Å"Her Royal Highness, the Princess of Wales† immediately after her 1981 marriage to the Prince of Wales. Another example of a princess of Wales at that time was Alexandra of Denmark[15]. The couple was blessed with two handsome boys. The first son was called William Arthur and the other Henry Charles David. They were born on 21/6/1982 and 15/9/1984 respectively. Their second born was popularly referred as Prince Harry[16].Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Princess Diana’s Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The beginning of the troubles in her marriage was after the birth of their second born prince, Henry. The late Princess Diana got overwhelmed by the stressing and dynamic responsibilities of being a mother of two boys, a wife of a prince, a princess and handling the constant pressures of the media. These overwhelming roles made her more depressed, sad and lonely. This consequently made her husband drift away from her, hence adding to her loneliness[17].  T he issues got intensified with time and eventually, the love birds had to separate. Her Divorce The couple’s separation was a great shock to the entire continent. Everyone thought that their love was destined to flourish forever. In 1992, British Prime Minister John Major, announced the separation[18]. Apart from her stressful roles and pressures, Princess Diana had been fighting a chronic disease and was evidently leading a lonely and sad life that caused her depression and bulimia. She kept all the sadness and unhappiness to herself as she was not allowed to share with anyone. The public only got aware of this sad life during a press interview with Prince Charles. The prince publicly admitted to straying with Camilla Parker Bowles, who was his ex-girlfriend. The interview confirmed that the royal family was not as perfect as people thought; it also had defects, just like any normal family[19]. A Reliable source, a close friend of Prince Charles, revealed that prince Charles admitted to not love Diana at the time of her engagement though he would, with time. Moreover, the prince admitted that he married so that he could be relieved off the pressures to marry by the media and his family especially his uncle, Lord Mountbatten. The qualifications that the royal family wanted were all favorable for Diana. That is his bride-to- be had to be a virgin, a protestant and not a widower or separated. Prince Charles’s former girlfriend, Camilla parker, became his second wife after he divorced Princess Diana. Weirdly, Camilla had selected Princess Diana to be Prince Charles’s bride[20]. Prince Charles and Princess Diana got separated on 9/12/1992 and finalized their divorce on 28/8/1996. As a result of the divorce, Princess Diana received $28 million and $600,000 annually[21]. Moreover, she lost the title, â€Å"Her Royal Highness, the Princess of Wales† after her divorce in 1996. Although everyone called her, â€Å"Princess Diana† till the time of her death, she had already lost the title.Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The prince and the princess blamed one another for the breakup of their marriage. After the breakup, both moved on, with Prince Charles dating his first girlfriend, Camilla Parker Bowles. The princess dated various other men, including James Gilbey and Dodi Fayed, among others. In 2004, the media broadcast episodes of confessions of the princess’s suicide attempts and her struggles in the marriage. Her Achievements Although Princess Diana was not properly educated, she beat all odds to make achievements that she is world widely celebrated for. Her achievements made her be admired and loved by the entire world[22]. Although she was deeply hurting within, her good character, right from her childhood made her a role model to the entire continent. She was generous and had a bubbly personality. Princess Diana Spencer was a philanthropist and a generous lady. She was warm, vibrant, cheerful and cared for the poor and everyone she met. She was not only a princess to her prince but a lso a princess to the general society. It is due to this reason that she received various awards that made her be respected worldwide. For instance, the photo on appendix I below shows the princess smiling during a fundraising event in New York, where she was given the UCP humanitarian award. The late princess was involved in various worthy causes that were of great human benefit. For instance, Diana was actively involved in the creation of awareness on the deadly disease, AIDS. She broke down the prejudices of HIV/AIDS. She was the first person to be photographed shaking hands with a victim of the deadly disease. This tore down the prejudice that people should not shake hands with infected persons[23]. In 2002, former South African President Nelson Mandela, during a press conference announced his plan to collaborate with the princess’s memorial fund to support orphans and families of victims of HIV/AIDS. The president during the conference, praised the princess as someone wh o had a heart for the world[24]. Moreover, during a lecture in December 2001, Bill Clinton said that the princess was enough prove that victims of HIV/AIDS should not be isolated but should be treated with kindness. She thus, changed people’s perception of the virus and encouraged the victims to live on. This saved very many lives. She also used to appear unceremoniously at the hospitals to visit the sick. For instance, she frequented the Mildmay hospice, London, under instructions that the media should not know of her visits[25]. In addition, she was also a source of motivation for the people who had depression issues. The late princess Di was a heroine due to her extemporary service to the community. She took advantage of her powers and famous nature to improve the lives of the needy. The needy were the less privileged in the society like the poor, the sick and victims of social injustices. She was mostly concerned with victims of AIDS, substance abuse, orphans, and the hom eless. The princess was also an activist for eating disorders. This was motivated by her personal experience with an eating disorder. She raised awareness on the same to make people live healthily, to keep fit. In addition, Princess Diana was opposed to the massive land mines[26]. She therefore campaigned against landmines. For instance, In January 1997, she visited Angola as a red cross volunteer. During this time, she talked to the landmines survivors in the hospitals and also took part in landmine awareness lectures. Here, the dangers of landmines to the society were discussed. Then, in August 1997, she visited Bosnia for the same purpose as of the Angola visit[27]. Moreover, as part of her philanthropy, Princess Diana went back to give support to her old boarding school where she attended her O level education. She offered financial and emotional support to the students and the teachers. This was as part of her appreciation to the school for molding her into whom she had become[ 28]. It is therefore, very evident that her memory will live on forever in the lives of the Britons. People continue to celebrate her life, more than a decade after her death. She will definitely be missed by those people who appreciated her charitable causes, in Britain and the rest of the world. Her Demise More than a decade after her demise, questions are still being raised as to the cause of the princess’s death. This is due to the circumstances that preceded her death. After her divorce, Princess Diana fell in love with someone. His name was Dodi Fayed. On Saturday, 30/8/1997, the two had a wonderful time during the weekend in Paris. That night, they had dinner in the Ritz restaurant, which was owned by Dodi’s father. The media, as usual, followed the couple wherever they went and watched their every movement. Diana never liked this idea as it made her uncomfortable and nervous[29]. She had undoubtedly become the most photographed person worldwide as the media use d to follow her everywhere she went. That night, the two tried all they could to hide from the press. They even used a rare exit from the hotel and used a different vehicle (Mercedes 280) from the one that the press knew, both as tactics to evade the press. However, the journalists couldn’t be kept away. One of the hotel’s security guards known as Henri Paul drove the car while their body guard, Trevor Rees-Jones occupied the seat at the front. The couple occupied the back seat[30]. This was some minutes past midnight. The journalists were all over the sides of the car with each of them trying to get perfect photos of the couple. The driver, in an attempt to overpower the press sped off but unfortunately lost control and crushed in a tunnel. The crush sounded like an explosion. The car rolled over for 360 degrees[31]. Henry and Dodi died on the spot. The body guard got severe injuries[32]. Sadly, the princess lost her life at 3:57 am, Sunday, 31/ 8/1997, in the operati on room in La Pitià ©-Salpà ªtrià ©re hospital, due to a torn vein in her rib cage that caused severe internal bleeding . The questions as to whom or what was responsible for her death still remain unanswered. This is because, some people say that the press overwhelmed the driver, others maintain that the driver was too drunk to drive, others suggest that the occupants of the vehicle did not stop the driver from over speeding while others blame it on the fact that they did not have seatbelts on[33]. On 6th Jan.2004 a special British inquest, that required that the police investigate the death of the princess, was launched. A separate one that investigated Dodi’s death was also started. The aim of these inquests was not to lay blame on anyone but to determine the facts of the mysterious death[34]. Her Burial Princess Diana’s last progression reminded the world of several years ago when the world watched her carriage as it moved towards a seemingly bright future durin g her wedding[35]. The heroine was laid to rest on 6/9/1997. She died at the age of 36, and height 1.8metres, in Paris, France. The big capital city of London was host to millions of mourners, on the Westminster Abbey Route. A somber mood engulfed the city as mourners followed the proceedings of the ceremony. The hooves of horses and the alternating soothing sounds of a bell could be heard in the hush of the moment. Flowers carpeted the streets. As mourners got a view of the procession, wails could be heard. People screamed Princess Diana’s names in despair and also how much they loved and will miss her. The traditional norms and values of silence during burials had therefore been broken as people’s hearts were now open to express how much grief they felt for the princess’s death. Her burial received wide media coverage with mourners all over the world following keenly, every single bit of the burial. It was a sad burial as those who attended hugged and cried in celebration of a life well lived. Her life was celebrated in a modern and liberal manner[36] . Queen Elizabeth II, in her tribute noted that the princess is hard to forget, especially by those who knew or felt her. Only 2000 people were allowed inside the Westminster Abbey to bury her. However millions of mourners gathered in the streets. White lilies, which were her favorite, were spread on the top of her coffin. Moreover, Prince William placed on it, a bouquet of white tulips. Then, a card that accompanied a bouquet of white roses was also placed on the coffin by Prince Harry[37]. There were several close family members, among them Prince Charles, that accompanied the cortege. Alongside them were, 5 representatives from the a hundred and ten charities that Diana was part of. Some of these representatives were on wheelchairs while others were on crutches. Celebrities like Diana Ross among others were also present. Conclusion In a nutshell, the princess’s life from 1/7/1961 to 31/8/1997 is heartbreaking and fascinating one. Although her life seemed like a perfect one, it was not without flaws and defects. She however emerged a courageous woman who tried to make the world a better place not only for her but also for the rest of the citizens. She suffered greatly during her life. This was in her childhood, health, marriage, and social wellbeing. Her marriage was loveless and full of rejection from the prince and the rest of the sovereign family. This contributed to her divorce. However, her good character and strong will, right from her childhood made her a role model to the entire continent. Her life and marriage may have ended but her memories live on forever in the hearts of those whom she helped. Her death was a great loss to people who had trusted her to help them financially and emotionally. Until her demise, Diana’s occupation was a children’s activist. Due to her cheerful personality, she pulled through all the life’s hurts[3 8]. Works Cited â€Å"Accident: Princess Diana’s Accident.† 1998. Web. http://www.princess-diana.com/. â€Å"Princess Diana Dies in Paris Crash.† BBC News. Web.http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/31/newsid_2510000/2510615.stm Chua-Eoan, Howard., Wulf, Steve., Kluger, Jeffrey., Redman, Christopher and Van Biema, David. â€Å"Diana 1961-1997: Death of a Princess.† Time Magazine 08 Sept. 1997 .print. Elliott, Michael. â€Å"Why Princess Diana Mattered.† Time Specials Thursday, Aug. 23, 2007. Print. Engagement: Princess Diana’s Engagement. Web. http://www.princess-diana.com/. Gray, Paul. â€Å"Farewell, Diana.† Time Magazine. Web. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,986977,00.html Lowe, Brendan. â€Å"Why Princess Diana Mattered.† Time Specials 17 Aug. 2007. Print. Mayer, Catherine. â€Å"Why Princess Diana Mattered: How Diana Transformed Britain.† Time Specials Thursday 16 Aug. 2007. Print. Top of FoBottom of Form Morton, Andrew. Diana: Her True Story. 1992: 1-272. Gale Virtual Reference. Web. Princess Diana (1961–1997). Web. http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0697740/. Princess Diana Biography. 2006. Web. http://www.biographyonline.net/people/biography_princess_diana.html Princess Diana. n.d. Web. http://www.biography.com/people/princess-diana-9273782 Rosenberg, Jennifer. â€Å"Diana, Princess of  Wales.†Ã‚  The New York Times 17 Aug. 2007. Web. http://history1900s.about.com/od/1980s/p/princessdiana.html. The Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund. Diana, Princess of Wales 1961-1997. United Kingdom; London. Web. http://www.theworkcontinues.org/page.asp?id=24. The Life of Diana, Princess  of  Wales. n.d. Web. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/diana/ob-child.html. Footnotes Trussell, Jeff. â€Å"Angel Hero: Princess Diana.† 2006. Web. http://myhero.com/go/hero.asp?hero=princedi. Princess Diana (1961–1997). n.d. Web. http://www.imd b.com/name/nm0697740/. Princess Diana Biography. 2006. Web. http://www.biographyonline.net/people/biography_princess_diana.html The Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund. Diana, Princess of Wales 1961-1997. United Kingdom; London. Web. http://www.theworkcontinues.org/page.asp?id=24. Ibid., 3 The Life of Diana, Princess  of  Wales. n.d. Web. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/politics97/diana/ob-child.html. Ibid., 3 Ibid., 4 Morton, Andrew. Diana: Her True Story. 1992: 1-272. Gale Virtual Reference. Web. Ibid., 4 Engagement: Princess Diana’s Engagement. 1998. Web. http://www.princess-diana.com/. Ibid.,5 Ibid., 4 Rosenberg, Jennifer. â€Å"Diana, Princess of  Wales.†Ã‚  The New York Times 17 Aug. 2007. Web. http://history1900s.about.com/od/1980s/p/princessdiana.html. Ibid.,3 Ibid.,3 Princess Diana. n.d. Web. http://www.biography.com/people/princess-diana-9273782 Ibid.,6 Ibid.,7 Ibid.,4 Ibid.,3 Ibid.,3 Ibid.,4 Mayer, Catherine. â€Å"Why Princess Diana Mattered: How Diana Transformed Britain.† Time Specials Thursday 16 Aug. 2007. Print.Top of FoBottom of Form Trussell, Jeff. â€Å"Angel Hero: Princess Diana.† 2006. Web. http://myhero.com/go/hero.asp?hero=princedi. Ibid.,3 Ibid.,9 Ibid.,3 Ibid.,4 â€Å"Princess Diana Dies in Paris Crash.† BBC News 31 Aug. 1997. Web.http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/31/newsid_2510000/2510615.stm â€Å"Accident: Princess Diana’s Accident.† 1998. Web. http://www.princess-diana.com/. Chua-Eoan, Howard., Wulf, Steve., Kluger, Jeffrey., Redman, Christopher and Van Biema, David. â€Å"Diana 1961-1997: Death of a Princess.† Time Magazine 08 Sept. 1997 .print. Ibid.,4 Ibid.,12 Lowe, Brendan. â€Å"Why Princess Diana Mattered.† Time Specials 17 Aug. 2007. Print. Gray, Paul. â€Å"Farewell, Diana.† Time Magazine. Web. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,986977,00.html Elliott, Michael. â€Å"Why Princess Diana Mattered.† T ime Specials Thursday, Aug. 23, 2007. Print. Ibid.,13 Ibid.,4 This research paper on Princess Diana’s Life was written and submitted by user Tamia Collins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Sociology of the Internet and Digital Sociology

The Sociology of the Internet and Digital Sociology The sociology of the internet is a subfield of sociology in which researchers focus on how the internet plays a role in mediating and facilitating communication and interaction, and on how it affects and is affected by social life more broadly. Digital sociology is a related and similar subfield, however, researchers within it focus on such questions as they pertain to the more recent technologies and forms of online communication, interaction, and commerce associated with Web 2.0, social media, and the internet of things. Sociology of the Internet: An Historical Overview In the late 1990s, the sociology of the internet took shape as a subfield. The sudden widespread diffusion and adoption of the internet in the U.S. and other Western nations drew the attention of sociologists because the early platforms enabled by this technologyemail, list-serves, discussion boards and forums, online news and writing, and early forms of chat programswere seen as having significant impacts on communication and social interaction. Internet technology allowed for new forms of communication, new sources of information, and new ways of disseminating it, and sociologists wanted to understand how these would impact peoples lives, cultural patterns, and social trends, as well as larger social structures, like the economy and politics. Sociologists who first studied internet-based forms of communication took interest in impacts on identity and social networks that online discussion forums and chat rooms might have, especially for people experiencing social marginalization because of their identity. They came to understand these as online communities that might become important in a persons life, as either a replacement or a supplement to existing forms of community in their immediate surroundings. Sociologists also took interest in the concept of virtual reality and its implications for identity and social interaction, and the implications of the society-wide shift from an industrial to an information economy, enabled by the technological advent of the internet. Others studied the potential political implications of the adoption of internet technology by activist groups and politicians. Across most topics of study, sociologists paid close attention to the way online activities and relationships might be related to or have impacts on those a person engages in offline. One of the earliest sociological essays pertinent to this subfield was written by Paul DiMaggio and colleagues in 2001, titled  Social Implications of the Internet, and published in  Annual Review of Sociology. In it, DiMaggio and his colleagues outlined then-current concerns within the sociology of the internet. These included the digital divide, relationships between the internet and  community and social capital (social ties), the impact of the internet on political participation, how internet technology impacts organizations and economic institutions and our relationships to them, and cultural participation and cultural diversity. Common methods during this early stage of studying the online world included network analysis, used to study the ties between people facilitated by the internet, virtual ethnography conducted in discussion forums and chat rooms, and content analysis of information published online. Digital Sociology in Todays World As internet communication technologies (ICTs) have evolved, so too have their roles in our lives and their impacts on social relations and society overall. As such, so too has the sociological approach to studying these evolved. The sociology of the internet dealt with users who sat before wired desktop PCs to participate in various forms of online communities, and while that practice still exists and has even become more common, the way we connect to the internet nowmostly via wireless mobile devices, the advent of a wide variety of new communication platforms and tools, and the general diffusion of ICTs into all aspects of social structure and our lives requires new research questions and methods of study. These shifts also enable new and larger scales of researchthink big datanever before seen in the history of science. Digital sociology, the contemporary subfield that has subsumed and taken over from the sociology of the internet since the late 2000s, takes into account the variety of ICT devices that populate our lives, the variety of ways in which we use them (communication and networking, documentation, cultural and intellectual production and sharing of content, consuming content/entertainment, for education, organization and the management of productivity, as vehicles for commerce and consumption, and on and on), and the many and varied implications these technologies have for social life and society overall (in terms of identity, belonging and loneliness, politics, and safety and security, among many others). EDIT: Role of digital media in social life, and how digital technologies and media are related to behavior, relationships, and identity. Recognizes the central role that these now play in all aspects of our lives. Sociologists must take them into account, and they have done so in terms of the kinds of research questions they ask, how they conduct research, how they publish it, how they teach, and how they engage with audiences. The widespread adoption of social media and the use of hashtags have been a data boon for sociologists, many of whom now turn to Twitter and Facebook to study public engagement with and perception of contemporary social issues and trends. Outside the academy, Facebook assembled a team of social scientists to mine the sites data for trends and insights and regularly publishes research on topics like how people use the site during periods of romantic courtship, relationship, and what happens before and after people break up. The subfield of digital sociology also includes research that focuses on how sociologists use digital platforms and data to conduct and disseminate research, how digital technology shapes the teaching of sociology, and on the rise of a digitally enabled public sociology that brings social science findings and insights to large audiences outside of academia. In fact, this site is a prime example of this. Development of Digital Sociology Since 2012 a handful of sociologists have focused on defining the subfield of digital sociology, and on promoting it as an area of research and teaching. Australian sociologist Deborah Lupton recounts in her 2015 book on the topic,  titled simply  Digital Sociology, that U.S. sociologists Dan Farrell and James C. Peterson in 2010 called sociologists to task for not yet embracing web-based data and research, though many other fields had. In 2012 the subfield became formalized in the UK when members of the British Sociological Association, including Mark Carrigan, Emma Head, and Huw Davies created a new study group designed to develop a set of best practices for digital sociology. Then, in 2013, the first edited volume on the topic was published, titled  Digital Sociology: Critical Perspectives.  First focused conference in New York in 2015. In the U.S. there is no formalized organization around the subfield, however many sociologists have turned to the digital, in both research focus and methods. Sociologists who do so can be found among research groups including the  American Sociological Associations sections on Communication, Information Technologies, and Media Sociology,  Science, Knowledge and Technology,  Environment and Technology, and Consumers and Consumption, among others. Digital Sociology: Key Areas of Study Researchers within the subfield of digital sociology study a wide range of topics and phenomena, but some areas have emerged as of particular interest. These include: The impact of ICTs on social relationships, like the role that social media plays in teen friendships today,  how and which rules of etiquette have emerged around smartphone use in the company of others, and how they impact dating and romance in todays world.How ICTs are a part of the processes of crafting and expressing identity, like through creation of social media profiles on popular sites including Facebook and Instagram, how selfies are a part of those processes in todays world, and the extent to which there may be benefits or drawbacks to expressing ourselves online.The impact of ICTs and social media on political expression, activism, and campaigning. For example, some sociologists are curious about the role and impacts of changing ones Facebook profile picture to reflect solidarity with a cause, and others, in how online activism might impact and/or advance issues offline.The role and impact of ICTs and the web in processes of building group affiliation and community, part icularly among marginalized groups like LGBT individuals, racial minorities, and among extremist groups like anti-vaxxers and hate groups. Since the early days of the sociology of the internet, the digital divide has been an area of concern for sociologists. Historically that has referred to the way wealth brokers access to ICTs and all the resources of the web-connected to them. That issue remains relevant today, however others kinds of divides have emerged, like how race affects the use of social media in the U.S. ​Notable Digital Sociologists Mark Carrigan, University of Warwick (education, capitalism, and big data)Deborah Lupton, University of Canberra (defining digital sociology as a subfield)Mary Ingram-Waters, Arizona State University (fantasy football and identity and ethics)C.J. Pascoe, University of Oregon (teen use of social media and ICTs)Jennifer Earl, Arizona State University (politics and activism)Juliet Schor, Boston College (peer-to-peer and connected consumption)Alison Dahl Crossley, Stanford University (feminist identities and activism)

7 Workplace Tips For Getting a Promotion

7 Workplace Tips For Getting a Promotion Getting a promotion is often a matter of taking the right strategy. Here are a few workplace tips that will make sure you stay at the top of your game at the office and beyond.Dont flaunt your latenessOkay, so you’re running a few minutes late. No big deal. But if you’re running a few minutes late because you wanted to stop at Starbucks and there was a huge line? Problem. Whatever your reason for swanning in tardy, don’t come in with a cup of freshly purchased coffee in your hand.Watch your email toneYou think you’re being professional, but your client is persnickety. Or even if they aren’t- you just want to double check. Reread your email to yourself out loud in the snarkiest, most sarcastic tone possible. Still pass muster? Send away. But if you noticed any red flags where even you would see yourself getting offended, it might be prudent to rephrase.Coworkers stealing your pens?Be super devious and buy a bunch of red (refillable) pens and a bunch of blue ink cartridge refills. (This only works with a brand that has the same model pen in both colors, but it’s a great cheat.) Then put the blue cartridges in the red pens. No one ever â€Å"borrows† a red pen. You’ll never find yourself at your desk without a pen again!Coworkers asking for money for their kids?You know the drill. â€Å"My kid is selling ____ for ______.† Or worse! â€Å"My kid is raising money for the ________.† Instead of coughing up money to your coworker, give them your phone number and ask that their kids call you themselves, any time after 6pm. You won’t get many phone calls. And the kids that do call will have learned to put in the extra work.Coworkers stealing your milk?Put your milk in a jar or other container you’ve brought from home. No one is going to open up the fridge and take your milk if it isn’t in a recognizable milk container. They won’t know how long it’s been in there, for one, and for two? It could come from a sheep or a human or something- hardly worth the risk. You’ll drink your milk in peace.Pay your  job search forwardAs soon as you get hired at one job, copy and save the job description to a running file you store on your personal computer. When it comes time to update your resume and job search, you’ll be very glad you have it.Strike a poseBefore that big presentation, meeting, or interview, take two minutes in the privacy of the restroom or your car and strike a power pose. Hold that power in your body and your face and then walk in with your head held high. Even if you get nervous, your body will remember how you felt going in.flair:Careers Work

Nurses' Responsibility in the Prevention of Medication Errors Essay

Nurses' Responsibility in the Prevention of Medication Errors - Essay Example In case of the medication error emergency nurses should be prepared to tackle with it. Keywords: medication error, emergency, injuries. Introduction It is true that field of medicine and bio technology is playing an important role in our lives. Several new medicines have been designed for specific diseases. And they are working efficiently, but the importance of prevention can never be denied. In some cases prevention is the only solution and also prevention is a lot easier than the medical surgeries offered. Prevention is not only necessary to safeguard our body from further diseases but it is also very necessary in the hospital environment to save the patients from any type of medical emergency. Therefore it is the responsibility of an individual, a nurse and a doctor to block the path of the undesired medical emergencies by preventing the medical errors. Medical Errors Are Nurses Responsibilities Since nurses are intimately involved in the health care delivery and are ultimately r esponsible in acute phases of the disease, it is important for nurses to understand the factors contributing to errors for effective prevention error (Lyer & Aiken, 2001, p.171). Improving safety at the point of care is the most important aspect of error prevention. Incorrect drug calculations, lack of individual knowledge and failure to follow established protocol, time pressures, fatigue, understaffing, inexperience, design deficiencies and inadequate equipments create opportunities for error (Carlton and Blegen, 2006, p. 25). A medical error is the type of error that occurs while offering medical services to a patient. â€Å"It can be defined as the error rose due to the wrongfully taken medical step or the incorrect treatment offered to the personal error, which can further result in medical emergency.† (Bootman, 2006, p. 25).There are many types of the medical errors. Nurses and Medical Error A lot of medical errors occurred in hospital by hands of the nurses. These erro rs are sometimes minor and sometimes major. Major errors can lead to a medical emergency or even death. Minor errors can be corrected by giving anti dote or other immediate medical treatment. On the one hand when nurses are the reason behind some of the major medical errors, at the same time they have the ability to prevent the same errors. A special type of training is given to nurses to ensure the medical safety of the patients and safeguard them from any emergency by any mean (Cima, 2007, p. 35). Why are the Nurses behind Most of the Medical Errors? After doctor, nurse is the only responsible body in the hospital and she should ensure the patients’ safety by any mean. Unfortunately a lot of medical errors are made by the nurses; this could be due to their extended presence in the hospital or more duty coverage as compared to the doctors. A lot many actions come under the duties of the nurses and they have to fulfill them without any delay or excuse. Errors Made by Nurses: Several types of errors made by the nurses are observed. Following are the most abundant errors. Read and Write: Reading the wrong drug name or other treatment instruction and applying them without any confirmation. Taking the wrong drug route or failing to give proper treatment with time. Writing the poor patient information, missing the medical condition in the report and giving half information are some read and write errors. Moreover

Potential impact of Chimps making spears for hunting on American Term Paper - 1

Potential impact of Chimps making spears for hunting on American Culture - Term Paper Example e developing into a human form, the study of this behaviour of the chimpanzees gives a great deal of insight into the hunting skills and the weapons that might have been used by the early man. (Pruetz JD and Bertolani, 2007) The research was conducted by two anthropologists Jill Pruetz and Paco Bertolani. Dr. Jill Pruetz who specializes in Biological Anthropology is an associate professor of Anthropology. Her research work has taken her to places including Peru, Costa Rica, Kenya, Nicaragua and Senegal. (www.terradaily.com, 2007) The research mainly focussed on the behaviour of spider monkeys, chimpanzees and howling monkeys. The observation of chimpanzees exhibiting predatory behaviour to hunt food has increased her interest to study the influence that ecology might have exerted in developing feeding habits and social behaviour of early man. (news.nationalgeographic.com) She is currently in Senegal undertaking a research funded by the National Geographic Society and the National Science Foundation. Its aim is to study the behaviour of chimps in an environment that is as simulated and close to the condition that existed during the times of the early man. She also co-founded DANTA which is a non-profit organization and is also actively involved in teaching and other conservation activities. (www.anthr.iastate.edu, 2011) Paco Bertolani is a Phd student and an anthropologist of great promise who successfully conducted these research experiments with Dr. Jill and has formulated several key aspects on behavioural policies exhibited by chimpanzees. A dissertation presented in 1994 dealt with the challenges faced by primates in food consumption and their social interaction. In 1997 another dissertation on adoption scenarios being taken up by chimpanzees was also a major achievement. (www.human-evol.cam.ac.uk) Paco also has a wealth of field experience. He was present in 1994-1996 to study the behaviour of forest chimpanzees. In 1998-2000 field studies were also

Americans and Materialism Essay Example for Free

Americans and Materialism Essay The 1960s represented an era of significant economic growth for Americans. Some economists argue that the early 1960s began the consumerism that defines American culture today. To what extent did American materialism that is, the beliefs in the accumulation of personal wealth make Americans afraid of communism? The chances of a communism in America were extremely small; Americans loved their democratic capitalist government. They would have not traded it in for being communist. In reality we as Americans are consumed by things we see and hear on TV, by what we see our neighbors have, and by what many people think is important in life. Materialism is a huge problem in this country. It appears to get worse as technology increases and new gadgets are invented and easily obtained; but because some people become obsessed with having and they lose self-control of it. Discussion topic #2: Based upon your reading materials for this unit, do you agree or disagree that more government intervention is needed in the capitalist system? Please justify your response with concrete examples. Yes, there should be government intervention in to capitalistic system with some extent. I my opinion markets cannot exist without a government to protect property rights, enforce contracts and settle disputes all of which is intervention. This would benefit the economy in variety of ways. Firstly, government regulations allow businesses to remain in the private hands while removing some of the worst abuses of pure capitalism. Extremely wealthy people or companies have the ability to control large sections of the economy because smart business dealings. Only Government involvement can fix that. When a producer has a monopoly, the consumer is no longer autonomous, prices are not set by supply and demand, and therefore the system cannot function effectively. As a mixed economy there is competition between companies but we need government regulation to ensure that these types of monopolies do not exist. A safe amount of government intervention would result in higher incomes, production and employment, which would then lead to expansion. Limited government involvement prevents crises such as inflation, unemployment and depression. Without government the strong will take what they want from the weak and there will be no reason to voluntarily exchange good and services which is the sole purpose of buying and selling. (Harrison, chapter07). Harrison, Brigid C. and Thomas R. Dye. (2008) Power and Society. Cengage Learning. Mason, Ohio

Mrs. Dalloway :: essays research papers

Mrs. Dalloway (1998) presents a day in the life of Clarissa Dalloway, an upper-class English woman. Clarissa Dalloway is the wife of Richard Dalloway, a Conservative Member of Parliament. The story takes place in London on a day in June 1923, a day when Clarissa is giving a dinner party. She walks to the florist shop to buy flowers for the party. Admittedly, it's no easy task to make a silly woman's foolish choices an engrossing cinematic experience. For that reason alone the people who tried to make a film of Virginia Woolf's novel, "Mrs. Dalloway" get an "E" for effort. It has a sumptuous look, excellent supporting performances, and I wish I could have liked it more. The title character, Clarissa Dalloway, is played by Vanessa Redgrave while she plans a party at her impressive home. As she does, she begins to recall the choice she made years ago when pursued by two suitors who could not have been more different. Rather than reckless passion, her choice, born of cowardice, was for the security of a quiet life full of privilege. Peter Walsh, an old and close friend of Clarissa’s, has returned to England after five years in India, and comes to visit her. Peter Walsh once loved Clarissa, but she had refused to marry him. Clarissa introduces Peter to her daughter Elizabeth. Elizabeth is 17 years old, and has an older friend and tutor named Doris Kilman. Elizabeth goes to lunch with Miss Kilman. Miss Kilman is poor and physically unattractive, and resents the upper-class Mrs. Dalloway. Miss Kilman is a desperate and fanatically religious woman, who wants to take Elizabeth away from her mother, but conceals her feeling under the guise of religiosity and strident charity. Septimus Warren Smith and his wife Lucrezia happen to be walking on the street. Septimus Warren Smith never meets Mrs. Dalloway, but their lives are connected by external events, such as the sight of an airplane overhead, and by the fact that they are both sensitive people who feel empty. Septimus Warren Smith commits suicide the same day that Mrs. Dalloway is giving her dinner party. Clarissa Dalloway as a character in the novel is upper-class and conventional. She knows her life is shallow; her former lover Peter Walsh had called her the perfect hostess. She feels that her only gift in life is in knowing a person through instinct.

Assignment: Wal-Mart Essay

Wal-Mart, the retail icon, taking on yet another strategy when sitting somewhat comfortably, (a business is never comfortable or should not be so comfortable), especially when the one to â€Å"beat.† Advertising strategy is as any strategy and that is with risk. An example of such risk is investing and the risk tolerance for each individual, conservative, moderate, or aggressive specific to goals. Wal-Mart is able to take the aggressive stance but not necessary because of their national, soon-to-be (?), global success but can never consider permanent. As said, it is much more difficult to remain on top than to work towards the top. The latest advertising campaign is one of a surprisingly risky and unique platform for Wal-Mart. Still attempting to disassociate itself from the negative image of a discriminatory violator of employee rights and participant of extensive bribery allegations gave way to an, as interpreted, defensive almost challenging response from a seemingly naà ¯ve, oblivious, and loyal Lee Scott, CEO or one only too aware and guilt driven angry. That is giving the CEO the benefit of the doubt unless privy to undocumented evidence to refute the crimes allegedly committed. A lengthy investigation into the bribery allegations includes that sometime in January 2006, the case had reached a critical juncture. Wal-Mart’s leaders were again weighing whether to approve a full investigation that would inevitably focus on a star executive already publicly discussed as a potential successor to Mr. Scott, (Barstow, David, 2012); the same quoted in the latest ad campaign. Wal-Mart’s ethics policy offered clear direction. â€Å"Never cover up or ignore an ethics problem,† the policy states and some who were involved in the investigation argued that it was time to take a stand against signs of rising corruption in Wal-Mart’s global operations. Each year the company received hundreds of internal reports of bribery and fraud, records showed. In Asia alone, there had been 90 reports of bribery just in the previous 18 months. After years of investigation that turned up evidence upon evidence to validate corruption and illegal activity, ultimately resulted in â€Å"swept under the rug† acceptance and closing of the investigation. With the closing of another â€Å"money=innocence† case offers the opportunity to focus on the latest advertising campaign left to surmise its intent. Somewhat biased after a brief research of Wal-Mart remarkably did not affect the initial perception and is as thus: In response to, â€Å". . . when special-interest groups and critics spread misinformation about Wal-Mart, the public deserves to hear the truth, everyone is entitled to their own opinions about our company, but they are not entitled to make up their own facts.† * The intent here is a â€Å"We are so confident in our innocence of unsubstantiated allegations we can be so bold to force a code of ethics we abide by and cannot be reasonably denied upon and challenge anyone attempting.† A portrayal of morals and ethics defended is one perception. * The possible negative impact is the audacity Wal-Mart has to tell anyone what or how to think, act, or live. * Attempting to reach further than their established target market, a newspaper ad appeals to a different market that as of yet not a typical Wal-Mart shopper can validate this new strategy. * Creative execution, as interpreted, is the driving force of such a bold and challenging advertisement. Its effectiveness of this campaign has not rendered statistics to my knowledge, but as an already not impressed by pricing, customer service, and the whole Wal-Mart shopping experience consumer, this advertisement does not improve their chances of my being a regular if at all customer. For a value shopper that I consider myself avoids Wal-Mart for reasons aforementioned and the cleanliness factor, the employees lack of knowledge of products and location of products, and the much too often out of stock issues encountered leaves desperation the only reason to shop in a Wal-Mart. Works Cited Barstow, David. (2012, April 21). Vast Mexico Bribery Case Hushed Up by Wal-Mart After Top-Level Struggle. Retrieved from New York Times: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/22/business/at-wal-mart-in-mexico-a-bribe-inquiry-silenced.html?pagewanted=all

How to Be Old Poem Analysis

â€Å"How to Be Old† It is easy to be young, (Everybody is, at first.) It is not easy to be old. It takes time. Youth is given; age is achieved. One must work a magic to mix with time in order to become old. Youth is given. One must put it away like a doll in a closet, take it out and play with it only on holidays. One must have many dresses and dress the doll impeccably (but not to show the doll, to keep it hidden. ) It is necessary to adore the doll, to remember it in the dark on the ordinary days, and every day congratulate one's aging face in the mirror. In time one will be very old. In time, one's life will be accomplished.And in time, in time, the doll–– like new, though ancient––will be found. – May SwensonWho is the speaker? What is the point of view? What is the mood? What is the tone? What is the imagery? What is the form? What is the theme? What is the figurative language? The speaker in the poem â€Å" How to Be Old† by May Swenson is an elder teaching children about growing old. The poem is in third person point of view. The mood is kind of sad because your moving on from childhood and growing up. The theme is serious, the author is telling you to hide your inner child and only take it out on special occasions. While reading this poem I imagined a little girl putting her doll away and then growing up into adulthood. The theme of the poem is cherish the past, but embrace the future. In this poem the word doll is used to describe childhood, because childhood like a doll is fun and playful, but at some point in your life, you're going to have to put that doll in your closet and move on. You're growing up and maturing, you can still think about your childhood and even bring out the inner child in your heart but not often because there is a time and a place to release your inner child.

Past Continuous Worksheets for ESL Students

Past Continuous Worksheets for ESL Students The past continuous and continuous forms, in general, are used with action verbs such as talk, drive, play, etc. The  continuous form  is not used with stative verbs such as be, seem, taste, etc. Some  stative verbs  can be used as  action verbs  so there are some exceptions. For example, smell - It smelled good. (stative verb) / He was smelling the roses when she walked by the window  (action verb.)​ Positive Form Subject to be (was, were) present participle (ing form of verb) objects: Jane was typing the letter when he walked into the room.Theyre were discussing the problem at 11. Past Continuous Negative Form Subject to be (was, were) not verb objects Jack wasnt watching TV. He was cooking dinner.We werent wasting time! We were working hard. Past Continuous Question Form (Question Word) to be (was, were) subject present participle (ing form of verb)? What were you doing at seven oclock?Was Jennifer paying attention during the meeting? Past Continuous Usage The past continuous is used to talk about what was happening at a  specific  moment in the past. Alex was knitting a sweater at 10:30 yesterday morning.My friends were waiting for me at nine oclock. The past continuous is also  often used together with the past simple to express what was happening when something important occurred. They were working on the project when she burst into the room.I was thinking about him when the telephone rang. Guess who it was?! Important Time Expressions These time expressions are commonly used with the past continuous to express a  past action  occurring at a specific moment in the past. At/At that Moment At and at that moment refer to a specific point of time in the past. These two expressions are often used with the past continuous. It is more common to use the past simple to speak in general, but if you want to express what was happening at a precise moment of time in the past, use the past continuous. She was having breakfast at 6.45 this morning.We were working on his request at 10 pm.Alan wasnt meeting with Tom at 9. He was meeting with Dennis. When/As When is used with the past simple to express an important event that occurred in the past. The past continuous is used to express what was happening at that moment. They were getting ready when he came home.Alice wasnt thinking when she said that.What were you doing when he asked the question? While While is used with the past continuous to express something that was happening at the same moment in time that something else was occurring. During During is used with a noun or a noun phrase to express an event during which something was happening. I was typing while he was dictating.She wasnt paying attention during the meeting.Jackson was working while she was having a good time. Past Continuous Worksheet 1 Conjugate the verb in parentheses in the past continuous tense. In the case of questions, use the indicated subject as well. What _____ (you do) when he arrived?She _____ (watch) TV at two oclock.They _____ (not sleep) at five oclock.Peter _____ (work) when I telephoned.Tim _____ (study) German while they were studying French.I _____ (not pay attention) during the presentation._____ (Brian talk) during the lesson?We _____ (not cook) when he walked in the door.Jason _____ (play) the piano at three oclock yesterday afternoon.When _____ (Howard give) the presentation exactly?Andrea _____ (not expect) you to arrive so early!What _____ (you think) when you said that?!_____ (she do) the housework when you telephoned?Carlos _____ (drink) tea when I walked into the room.They _____ (meet) with Smith and Co at exactly 2.35 pm.My cousin _____ (not have) a good time when I arrived.They _____ (discuss) the issue when she telephoned._____ (they work) in the garden when you arrived?She _____ (sleep) so he entered the room softly.They _____ (not take) notes during the presentation, but paying attention to every word. Past Continuous Worksheet 2 Choose the correct time expression used with the past continuous tense. What were you doing (while/during) the meeting?Tim was finishing the report (in/at) five oclock.They were discussing the problem (when/at) I walked into the room.Jackson wasnt listening (while/during) he was explaining the situation.Was Alice paying attention (while/during) the presentation?They were having a quiet breakfast (this/at) morning when he arrived.What were they doing (when/in) that happened?Sheila was playing the piano (while/during) he was working on the computer.I was working at the computer (at/on) seven oclock this morning.Alex wasnt playing golf (this/at) morning. He was working.What were they doing (in/at) four oclock?She was working quietly (when/for) he opened the door.Peter wasnt doing the housework (that/yesterday) morning. He was working in the garden.Where were they sleeping (at/when) he got home last night?Jason was thinking about the problem (when/at) he asked for an answer.Our teacher was explaining math (from/when) he burst into the room with the news. Dilbert was working at the computer (on/at) four oclock this morning!Were they listening (as/at) he asked the question?She wasnt working (when/in) he came into the office.They werent thinking about that (at/when) they made the decision. Answers Worksheet 1 were you doingwas watchingwerent sleepingwas workingwas studyingwasnt paying attentionwas Brian talkingwerent cookingwas playingwas Howard givingwasnt expectingwere you thinkingWas she doingwas drinkingwere meetingwasnt havingwere discussingWere they workingwas sleepingwerent taking Answers Worksheet 2 duringatwhenwhileduringthiswhenwhileatthisatwhenyesterdaywhenwhenwhenataswhenwhen

An Analysis of Langston Hughess Poetry

An Analysis of Langston Hughess Poetry Essay Two of Mr.. Hughes poems, l, too and Democracy, one expresses feelings from an African American mans point of view at a time when they werent allowed to have a voice to have a point of view. The other poem basically saying they would never see democracy with the huge cloud of injustice that rises. In Hughes poem l, Too, the speaker is not an individual as the word l implies. In fact, the l represents the African-Americans as a whole living in the United States. Hughes also writes l am he darker brother instead of we are the darker brothers is no accident. The use of the word l as to not using we are words of a lonely individual, who doesnt see a winning chance. The speaker says They send me to eat in the kitchen, enforcing they are the enemies. As used in this poem, the first-person voice highlights the weakness of the African-American people. However, this is not the only way that Hughes uses l in his poetry. The speaker claims that he, too, sings America. He is the darker brother who is sent to eat in the kitchen when there are guests visiting. However, he does laugh and he eats well and grows bigger and stronger. Tomorrow, he will sit at the table when the guests come, and no one will dare to tell him to eat in the kitchen. They will see his beauty and be ashamed, for, as he claims, l, too, am America. The poet is trying to elaborate the feeling of being seen as nothing to taking it day by day, and becoming something to unapproved eyes. Hughes published l, Too, Sing America in 1945, a good ten years or so before the start of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. Racism and prejudice was normal in the US at the beginning of the 20th century much more than they are now and so Hughes poem envisions a day in which whites and blacks will eat at the table together, in which black citizens will be truly classified as equal Americans. In the poem, Democracy Longs expresses that democracy will never come during his time living or ever. He feels that he has as much a right as a citizen to have property just as the next person does. He gets tired of seeing peoples attitudes, such as a whatever happens happens attitude. It is no surprise that democracy in the United States was nonexistent in the early sass and throughout the Jim Crow era, when blacks had no rights. Democracy back then was Just a label not reality and outright biased. Government rule by the people consisted of whites only, excluding all African Americans. In Longs Hughes case, he knows that by birth hes an American citizen. But as a black man in the pre-Civil Rights United States, he sure isnt being treated like one. So somethings got to change. l, Too, Sing America reminisces back to the days of slavery, when African Americans were supposed to be non-visible abort, not actual human beings. The implication of this poem is that not a whole lot has changed since then. In conclusion, Can anyone blame a man for having such a negative view on democracy while living in a racist society? Absolutely not! Thousands of Black Americans had the same feelings. In reality, democracy was one-sided, for blacks were not allowed to be involved with any decision making, voicing of an opinion, etc. Freedom and equality summarize the entire poem, which is what Hughes wanted at the time, to have basic equality for all.

Business law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business law - Research Paper Example The policies formulated must be taken into consideration for implementation purposes. Due to dispute that may arise either from the residents of United Arab Emirates or investors from other countries, ADNOC is a company which is committed to ensuring that sustainable development or equal share between individuals and the earth is achieved. Due to this fact, it has made the company to be competitive and thus it has substantial business transactions by either transporting, shipping oil to other countries, marketing oil and distributing. The demand of oil from non producing countries has made United Arab Emirates to expand and develop other gas fields. Due to this expansion Abu Dhabi National Oil Company has 14 companies for distributing oil, gas and other crude oil. This paper seeks to discuss and examine the means of dispute resolution used by Abu Dhabi National Oil Company in United Arab Emirates. United Arab Emirates is a country that is known for foreign investments and thus the country does not have domestic laws which protect those individual who invest in the country. Treaties are normally used in United Arab Emirates though there is need to come up with investment protection and legal means which are used when there is an investment opportunity. The Great Britain was the one which granted emirates free from protectorate laws in 1939 to 1953. During this entire period the law to govern the Emirates of Abu Dhabi was not documented and thus no legislative or administrative means could be used to cancel any business operation that was being carried by the investors. In 1960s agreements between Abu Dhabi and other international oil companies were written requiring the applicable law to be used while carrying business transactions either abroad or locally. The agreements which were signed out contained force of law and thus incase of breaking it then one was answerable to the law. The

Edite Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Edite - Essay Example ce increase is in keeping with the rising costs of printing, along with the expenses related to paying textbook writers, graphic designers and fact-checkers. But students, parents and even colleges and professors say that those are all just excuses being made by large publishing houses who want to â€Å"gouge us,† as one student put it (Bruno 6D). They want lower priced books – or at least more affordable options and fewer instances of books being revised and republished every two to three years. The federal government has even involved itself in the issue by passing a recent law that forces publishers to tell professors how much required texts will cost their students, and colleges must inform students during class registration what books they will need to purchase for each course. The best and most fair solution for everyone when it comes to textbook pricing is to move away from physical printed and bound books to electronic and downloadable texts. Publishers have every right to make money, but students should have the ability to save themselves money wherever possible while working towards their diplomas. Students today spend a lot of time and effort when it comes to buying textbooks. Once their class booklists are in hand, the students have a few options as to where to buy their books. There’s the school bookstore, which will usually carry new and used copies of required books, and will buy back some books from previous purchases. Students may also look for their books online, at sites like Amazon.com or eFollet.com, which often offer a larger selection of used copies than the campus bookstore and often at a lower price (Bernard B5). Yet there are a lot of roadblocks when it comes to finding a cheaper, used copy of a textbook. According to a national survey conducted by the Public Interest Research Groups (PIRG) of required college texts, the books are revised and issued as new editions â€Å"every three to four years regardless of changes to subject†

Hydraulic Machines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Hydraulic Machines - Essay Example The former types of machines are called turbines and the latter, pumps. A combination of both pump and turbine is used in fluid couplings and torque converters for the transmission of power smoothly through a fluid medium. The analysis of impact of fluid jets on vanes is typically involved in the design of an efficient turbo-machine. When a vane moves away from the jet as shown in the below figure, the mass flow arriving at the vane is considerably reduced because some of the mass leaving the nozzle results in a growing column of fluid between the jet and the nozzle. This is what happens in turbines where the vanes are part of a revolving wheel. We need only consider the simplest case of movement in a straight line in the direction of the jet. Assuming the velocity of the jet is v and the velocity of the vane is u as shown above, the velocity of the fluid arriving would be v - u. This is the relative velocity, that is, relative to the plate. The mass flow rate arriving on the plate is then calculated as The true velocity of the fluid leaving the nozzle is v1 and velocity of the vane is u. The fluid arrives on the vane with relative velocity v1-u as before, which is shown in the above figure. This is a relative velocity with respect to someone moving with the vane. In the absence of friction, the velocity of the fluid over the surface of the vane will be v1-u at all points. At the tip where the fluid leaves the vane, it will have two velocities. The fluid will be flowing at v1-u over the vane but also at velocity u in the forward direction. The true velocity v2 at the exit as shown above must be the vector sum of these two. The vector diagram is illustrated below: If only the force acting on the vane in the direction of movement is required, then the horizontal component of v2 must be determined. Because this direction is the direction in which the vane is whirling around the centre of the wheel, it is

MSc International Banking and Finance

MSc International Banking and Finance The financial year 2008-2009 has been very significance in the history of banking industry. The industry faced the biggest ever crises since the great depression. The whole global banking system was challenged for various reasons.   The performance of public sector as well as private sector banks went drastically down. The crisis has not left any country without panic but the impact was subjective.   The developed countries like US and UK suffered more than the developing countries. Many literatures have been written and many case studies took place to analyse the impact of recession. Its has been an important aspect to analyse the performance of banking sector in various continents. In this research I have planned to compare the impact of recession on the Indias biggest private sector bank ICICI which would reflect on the level of impact it has went through. The research would be a comparative performance analysis of ICICI bank and its subsidiaries in the UK, Canada and Russia.à ‚   I believe the Bank is one of the best examples to analyse the performance to find the impact of global financial crises as there are different of opinion in regards to the impact of financial crises on Indian Banking sector.  Ã‚   2.0Title of the research:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The analysing the performance of Bank in financial crises- The case of ICICI Bank 3.0 Rationale for Study The focus of the study is to carry out an extensive analysis of the performance of ICICI bank in financial crisis of 2008-2009 To achieve this aim, the study will examine: The main determinants of ICICI banks efficiency and performance The effect of financial crisis on cost, revenue, profit efficiency and stock return performance of    ICICI banks. The differences in performance of ICICI bank in India, US and in the UK. The effect of banks capital on a its ability to survive in the period of crises, The result and find out the similarities and differences of impact of financial crisis. 3.0 Literature Review: The recent financial crisis has left clear evidence of global downturn. Not only developing but also advance countries have suffered in a very bad way. In last year and half market has fallen by 35-40%. According to the IMF data the impact of the recession is comparatively less in the Asian countries. But banks that are involved in the global financial market in subprime mortgages were exposed to the financial downturn. As per IMF records large US banks losses more than a trillion dollars in bad loans and expected to lose more ahead. This time financially US were hit harder than Europe and Asia or African continent. The World Bank survey of 425 Asian firms and 78 banks in 14 developing countries shows that the global financial crisis has constrained trade finance for exporters and importers in developing countries. But the impact varied by the firm size, activity, and countries integration into the global economy. The analysis of performance in the period of crisis also differs from institutions to institutions and country wise. In general, the performance of banks and non banking financial institutions has been measured by various methods but most of the literatures used combination of different financial ratios.   There are number of studies analysing the efficiency and the performance of financial institutions. However, there have been numerous studies analyzed the efficiency of financial institutions. Among these Dennis Olsonand Taisier A. Zoubi (2008) uses 26 financial ratios to distinguish between conventional and Islamic banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. In the comparison of Islamic Vs. Conventional Banks Dr. Taisier A. Zoubi has mention 16 financial Characteristics of Banking Industry. Dimitri vitas (Nov 1991) has raise the point about the use and misuse of financial ratios. Claudia Girardone. (Feb 2000) has also analysed the Determinants of Bank Efficiency in the case of Italian banks. This paper would use the various financial ratios which describe banks liquidity, profitability, asset quality and efficiency. 3.1 The Financial Crisis and Indian banking industry As its obvious, the global financial crisis is unlikely to spare Indias corporate sector.The perceived impact as reflected in financial markets indicators is acute: the Sensex lost over 50 percent and the rupee depreciated 23 percent in 2008 (IMF Country Report No. 09/186) In 2007 Indias GDP dropped by 4% and expected to remain between 5.5 and 6.5 in 2010 Limited exposure to the sub-prime mortgage market helped Indian banking sector to maintain the stability.   Indias refurbished financial systems and supervision system supported this performance. The well managed financial reform rapid growth and the diversification has given the annual credit growth of above 20% and reduce non performing asset to 2%. In 2008-09 with credit growth of 17.3% Indian banking sector reflected sound and profitable attitude, but all credit mainly goes to the large public sector banks with stable deposit growth. The banking sector in India has less impact of crisis but the banks like ICICI which has its subsidiaries in US and Europe has an impact which may be comparatively less or more. 3.2 ICICI Bank ICICI Bank is Indias second-largest bank with total assets of Rs. 3,674.19 billion (US$ 77 billion) at June 30, 2009 and profit after tax Rs. 8.78 billion for the quarter ended June 30, 2009(ICICIbank.com). The ICICI Bank has its presence in 18 countries worldwide. The Bank offers various banking and financial products. The Bank currently has its owned subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Russia and Canada, branches in United States, Singapore, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka, Qatar and Dubai International Finance Centre and representative offices in United Arab Emirates, China, South Africa, Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. Our UK subsidiary has established branches in Belgium and Germany. The shares of ICICI are listed in India on Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited and its American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). As a largest private bank in India ICICI has its business in the international m arket and first Indian company to be listed on the New York stock exchange. ICICI was not the exception to have an impact of recent financial crisis, as like most of the international banks ICICI was also connected to the US subprime mortgages. ICICI Bank lost its share value more than 50% during the period of crisis. Till August 2008 ICICI Bank was the most valuable bank with a market capitalisation above all Indian private and public sector banks but it has become to become the victim of global financial crisis like other international banks. With asset of $9bn in UK and $5bn in Canada ICICI has the exposure of $12bn in overseas loan The US subsidiary of ICICI also has a debt of $76m in Lehman Brothersdebt And ICICI UK has $3.5 billion investment in various instruments of which around 18% are in US papers. But the same time the capital adequacy ratio at ICICI is 13.4% which is higher than the mandatory percentage. (IBN Analysis) 4.0 Aims Objectives The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of the 2008-2009 Financial Crisis on the performance of ICICI banks and its subsidiaries in the UK, Canada and Russia. In order to achieve the above aim, the study has four main objectives: Whether the Indian banking sector was exposed to contagion effects of the current financial crisis To compare the impact of the Financial Crisis on ICICI Bank India, the UK, Canada and Russia. How were the pre-crisis performance and profitability of ICICI banks in India, the UK, Canada and Russia? During the pre-crisis period, how was the relationship between bank efficiency and financial indicators at ICICI Bank? 5.0 Proposed Methodology and Critical Application There are various aspect of performance analysis which has been used to review or to compare the performance of banks and banking sector. In the performance analysis of Italian banks Claudia Girardone (2000) has mention various determinants of banks performance, profitability, and efficiency. Many studies focus of different characteristics of banks performance like liquidity, profitability, returns on asset and so on. In this study to examine the performance of ICICI bank India and the UK, Canada and Russia the simple accounting ratios would be used and to check further on the difference in performance in different countries the regression analysis will be used. The test will help to figure out the ICICI banks exposure and the effects of the financial crisis on its operations in given countries. The paper discusses the correlation of efficiency scores with the financial indicators such as asset quality, capital ratios, operational and liquidity ratios. Paper uses the set of sixteen financial ratios which are the suggested financial characteristics of banking industry (Dr. Taisier A. Zoubi ) to analyse the performance of ICICI Bank and further examines the difference of performance at ICICI bank in India , UK , Canada and Russia. 5.1 Proposed Data Collection For this research secondary data would be suitable thus, I intend to collect and analyse secondary data for the proposed study. The secondary data will be collected in the form of a literature review and provide details about the performance analysis and recent financial crisis. The financial statements and annual reports are required for the sample period of the research to examine and to run the proposed analysis for ICICI bank India, US and UK, The data is in the original currency (Rupee) of the parent company ICICI Bank India Pvt. Ltd., but provides a choice to covert the data to any other currency, including the USD and GBP. This paper uses the INR-based reports in the selected sample. 5.2 Access to the Data This study evaluates the cross-country level data compiled from the financial statements of ICICI banks in India US and UK over the period 2004 2009. The primary source for data used in this research is the banks balance sheets and income statements published on the Bank website. The choice of this sample period covers the longest available history of ICICI banks UK, 5.3 Justification of Methods I believe that secondary data is suitable for this research, which can be internal or external to the ICICI Bank and may be accessed through the internet or recorded or published information of bank. As there are various sources to collect secondary data, likes books and periodicals world bank and IMF publications of economic indicators, National census data, statistical abstracts, Central banks data bases, the media, annual reports of the bank, case studies and other archival records. The advantage of using secondary data sources is savings in time and cost of acquiring information and many times its comparatively easy to access. 6.0 Limitations Delimitations of the study The proposed study is limited by time constraints- the completion time limit is three months. The ratios analysis has major implication for assessing bank performance in developing countries but in this case the data is from both developing and developed countries UK and the UK. Given the range of services and the cost difference in India US and UK, Indias cost -assets and cost income ratios should be smaller than the UK as an developed country. This study does not consider the inflation effect, and the risk factor in the respected country, 7.0 Justification 7.1 Academic Benefits The study will be of interest to academics that have an interest in financial services performance review. The results will add to, and update the academic literature that presently exists on performance analysis. The study will also provide a useful insight into the use of financial performance indicators in banks. 7.2 Practical Applications The study will help to understand and measure the impact of crisis on ICICI bank. The result will show the difference of performance of ICICI bank in the given countries which would be of interest to the managers of financial services as it will provide insight into how the performance of the bank could move in the period of financial crisis. The results of the study will help to understand the difference of impact of global financial crisis in cross countries. It will also help to find the effect of banks capital on a banks ability to survive in the financial crisis, and its competitive position. 8.0 Proposed Structure The format of the dissertation will be as follows: Title Page; Declaration; Abstract; Acknowledgements; Contents Page; List of Tables and Figures (including word count); Introduction; Literature Review; Methodology; Results and Discussion; Conclusions and Recommendations; Evaluation of Study and Scope for Further Research; Bibliography 9.0 References ICICI Bank. (2004-09). Annual repots. Available: http://www.icicibank.com/pfsuser/aboutus/resultsann/webcast_09.htm. Last accessed Nov 11,2009. MF Global financial stability report. (Oct 2009). World economic and financial survey. Available: http://www.imf.org/External/Pubs/FT/GFSR/2009/02/pdf/text.pdf. Last accessed Nov 20,2009. world bank. (Aug 2009). India Banking Sector Support Loan Program, Available: http://go.worldbank.org/SRP7OBC9Q0. Last accessed Nov 20,2009 Overseas development institute-Conference Note. (Dec 2008). Measuring Commercial Bank Efficiency Use Effects of the Global Financial Crisis on Developing Countries and Emerging Markets. Available: http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/odi-publications. Last accessed Nov 11,2009. IMF. (Jun 2009). IMF Country Report No. 09/186. Available: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2009/cr09186.pdf. Last accessed Nov 18, 2009. Malouche, Mariem. (Nov 2009). World Bank WPS5138. Available: http://go.worldbank.org/7ELI2JEZI0. Last accessed Nov 28, 2009. International Monetary Fund (2009) world economic and financial survey Available: http://imf.org/external/pubs. Last accessed 12/11/2009. Ketul S.. (Aug 2008). IBN Analysis. Available: http://www.gurufocus.com/news.php?id=33505. Last accessed 20/11/2009. Dennis Olson and Taisier A. Zoubi . (March 2008 ). Using accounting ratios to distinguish between Islamic and conventional banks in the GCC region.The International Journal of Accounting.. 43 (1), 45-65. Dimitri Vittas. (Nov 1991). Measuring Commercial Bank Efficiency Use and Misuse of Bank Operating Ratios.CountryE conomicsD epartment The World Bank WPS 806. WPS 806 (1), 1-54. Claudia Girardone. (Feb 2000). Analysing the Determinants of Bank Efficiency: The Case of Italian Banks.University of wales , School of Accounting , Banking and economics. 1 (1), 143-166.